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Posterolateral Corner Injuries in Football Players

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Introduction

Posterolateral Corner (PLC) injuries can occur in football players due to the complex and demanding nature of the sport. These injuries affect the posterior lateral corner of the knee, involving multiple structures such as ligaments, tendons, and supporting tissues. This blog aims to provide a thorough understanding of PLC injuries, including their causes, assessment methods, rehab techniques, and the role of physiotherapy in managing these injuries effectively. By familiarising themselves with this information, football players can have a better understanding of what to expect when seeking physiotherapy for PLC injuries.

What is a Posterolateral Corner Injury?

A PLC injury refers to damage or disruption to the structures in the posterior lateral corner of the knee. This region includes the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), popliteus tendon, popliteofibular ligament, biceps femoris tendon, iliotibial band, the lateral capsule and more. These injuries can range from mild sprains to complete tears, causing pain, instability, and functional limitations.

Risk Factors for Posterolateral Corner Injuries

Several factors can increase the risk of developing PLC injuries, including:

  • Trauma: Direct impact to the lateral side of the knee, such as during a collision or forceful twisting motion, can lead to PLC injuries.
  • Knee Instability: Pre-existing laxity or instability in the knee joint can make it more susceptible to PLC injuries.
  • Poor Biomechanics: Abnormal alignment, improper technique, or muscle imbalances can contribute to increased stress on the posterior lateral corner structures.
  • Previous Knee Injuries: Individuals with a history of knee injuries, such as ACL tears, may be at a higher risk of developing PLC injuries.

Symptoms of Posterolateral Corner Injuries

The symptoms of PLC injuries can vary depending on the severity of the injury, but commonly include:

  • Pain and tenderness on the outer side of the knee.
  • Swelling and bruising.
  • Feeling of instability or giving way in the knee.
  • Difficulty bearing weight or walking.
  • Limited range of motion and stiffness.

Read Also

Common Knee Injuries in Football Players

Assessment of Posterolateral Corner Injuries

To diagnose and assess PLC injuries, a thorough examination is necessary. This may include:

  • Medical History: The physiotherapist will review the individual’s medical history, including any previous knee injuries or symptoms.
  • Physical Examination: The physiotherapist will conduct a comprehensive physical examination, assessing the range of motion, stability, and specific tests to evaluate the posterior lateral corner structures.
  • Imaging Tests: Imaging techniques such as X-rays, MRI scans, or ultrasound may be used to visualise the extent of the injury and assess any associated damage.

Treatment Options for Posterolateral Corner Injuries

The treatment approach for PLC injuries depends on the severity of the injury and the individual’s specific circumstances. Treatment options may include:

  • Conservative Management: Mild to moderate PLC injuries can often be managed conservatively through a combination of rest, ice, compression, and elevation (R.I.C.E.), pain management, immobilisation with bracing, and physiotherapy.
  • Surgical Intervention: Severe PLC injuries may require surgical intervention to repair or reconstruct the damaged structures. This decision is made based on the individual’s overall condition and the specific injury.

Products that may help

Voltarol Gel – View this product on Amazon for more details

This can be applied to the irritated part of the knee to help reduce pain and inflammation.

Foam roller with mini bands – View this product on Amazon for more details

The foam roller can be used for self massage on the quadriceps, IT band and hamstrings. The mini bands are useful for strengthening or muscle activation work.

Knee Ice Pack – View this product on Amazon for more details

This gel ice pack wrap is specially designed for the knee, targeting both the front and back of the knee and providing relief for pain and inflammation.

Rehabilitation Techniques for Posterolateral Corner Injuries

Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in the recovery process following PLC injuries. The physiotherapist may design a tailored rehabilitation program that includes:

  • Range of Motion Exercises: Gentle exercises to restore and improve the knee’s range of motion.
  • Strengthening Exercises: Targeted exercises to strengthen the surrounding muscles, especially the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles.
  • Stability and Proprioception Training: Specific exercises to enhance balance, stability, and coordination of the injured knee.
  • Functional Training: Gradual return-to-sport activities to simulate football-specific movements and improve functional abilities.
  • Education and Injury Prevention Strategies: Providing guidance on proper techniques, warm-up routines, and injury prevention strategies to minimise the risk of future injuries.

Conclusion

Posterolateral corner injuries can significantly impact football players, causing pain, instability, and functional limitations. Seeking early assessment and appropriate treatment from a qualified physiotherapist is crucial for effective management and recovery. With a comprehensive understanding of PLC injuries, including their causes, symptoms, assessment methods, treatment options, and rehabilitation techniques, football players can take an active role in their recovery and work towards returning to the game safely. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in the management of PLC injuries, providing personalized care and guidance throughout the healing process.

Further Reading

Nannaparaju et al (2018) – Posterolateral corner injuries: Epidemiology, anatomy, biomechanics and diagnosis

Gelber et al, (2018) – Return to Play After Posterolateral Corner Injuries

Chahla et al, (2019) – Posterolateral corner of the knee: an expert consensus statement on diagnosis, classification, treatment, and rehabilitation

Disclaimer

The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis, treatment, and personalised recommendations based on your specific condition. Some affiliate links may also be used in this article, these are from products we have specifically selected to display based on our own experience.

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